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CAC-152was finalized on April 20, 1944 with the following recommendations:It is recommended that the planning for military government in Formosaproceed on the assumption that:(1) Formosa will be returned to China without reservation and that theChinese Government plans to make Formosa a separate province ofChina;(2) After the return of Formosa to full Chinese sovereignty, it will beadministered by officials appointed by the Chinese Government;(3) China may be willing to grant rights for bases on Formosa for generalinternational security purposes comparable to rights granted elsewhereby other members of the United Nations.However, China would con-sider this issue to be separate from that of the transfer of Formosa toChinese sovereignty.40SWNCC DocumentsAfter the War ended, SWNCC59/1 was prepared in State Department andsubmitted for consideration and discussion by SWNCC on June 24, 1946.41 ForTaiwan, SWNCC 59/1 concluded, Formosa and the Pescadores Islands are to bereturned to China in accordance with the Cairo Declaration. It stated, The CairoDeclaration specifically mentions Formosa and the Pescadores Islands among theterritories to be returned to China.This decision is entirely in keeping with thepreliminary Chinese occupation of these areas and the fact that Japan took theseislands from China by force of arms. This document contains no discussion ofarrangements for bases on Formosa.42 58 FormosaEarly Drafts of the Peace TreatyMarch 1947 DraftAn early peace treaty draft prepared in March 1947 in the State Departmentspecified Japan s cession of Formosa to China in Article 2, following thewartime international agreements and US studies.The relevant part reads asfollows:(Article 2)Japan hereby cedes to China in full sovereignty the island of Formosa andadjacent minor islands, including Agincourt (Hokasho), Menkasho,Kaheisho, Kashoto, Koshoto, Shokotosho, Shichiseigan and Ryukyusho, andthe Pescadores Islands.43 Ryukyusho in the earlier text is an island off the southwest coast of Taiwan,south of Kao-shiung 21 22 N latitude, 120 22 E Longitude, not to be confusedwith the main island of Okinawa.44 This draft stated in Article 1, The territoriallimits of Japan shall be those existing on January 1, 1894, subject to the modifi-cations set forth in Articles 2,3.[sic]. 45 Both Taiwan and Senkaku wereannexed by, or incorporated to, Japan in 1895.However, as shown by the dottedline (.) in the text, detailed points had probably not been examined yet.August 1947 DraftIn the August draft, prepared in expectation of early peace with Japan, detailedand clear border demarcations were made of the territories to be retained, andthose to be renounced, by Japan.The article concerning disposition of Formosa isas follows:(Article 2)Japan hereby cedes to China in full sovereignty the island of Taiwan(Formosa) and adjacent minor islands, including Agincourt (Hoka Sho), Crag(Menka Sho), Pinnacle (Kahei Sho), Samasana (Kasho To), Botel Tobago(Koto Sho), Little Botel Tobago (Shokoto Sho), Vele Reti Rocks (ShichiseiSeki), and Lambay (Ryukyu Sho); together with the Pescadores Islands (HokoShoto); and all other islands to which Japan had acquired title within a linebeginning at a point in 26 N.latitude, 121 E longitude and proceeding dueeast to 122 30 E.longitude, thence due south to 21 30 N latitude, thencedue west through the Bashi Channel to 119 E.longitude, thence due north toa point in 24 N.latitude, thence northeasterly to the point of beginning.Thisline is indicated on Map No.2 attached to the present Treaty.46For Formosa, the alternative geographical name Taiwan was added, andJapan s cession to China was unaltered.The reference to Pinnacle might be Formosa 59interpreted as the English name of Senkaku.However, the parenthesis with theJapanese name of Kahei Sho makes it clear that it is not the Pinnacle (Senkaku) currently disputed between China and Japan.47 Judging from the terri-torial limits of Japan specified in Article 1,48 and also from the specification ofthe Formosa disposition in Article 2, it is clear that Senkaku was included in the minor islands that Japan was to retain, not those it was to renounce.November 1947 and January 1948 DraftsAfter criticism from the PPS led by Kennan,49 the draft was revised in November1947, and again in January 1948.In these drafts, Article 2, specifying theJapanese cession of Formosa to China, remained as in the August 1947 draft.Article 1, cited here, simplified the territorial limits of Japan, and specified thesouthwestern limits of Japanese territories as the Ryukyu Islands north of 29 N.latitude. A footnote in the November 19 draft indicated that the Ryukyus southof 29 north latitude would be placed under United States control,.the exactform of which is still being studied. 50 Thus Senkaku and the main island ofOkinawa were also excluded from Japanese territory.It is noteworthy that bothwere dealt with as southern parts of the Ryukyu Islands.The territorial limits of Japan shall comprise the four principal Japaneseislands of Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku and Hokkaido and all adjacent minorislands, including the islands of the Inland Sea (Seto Naikai), Sado, Oki Retto,Tsushima, the Goto Archipelago, the Ryukyu Islands north of 29 N.latitude,and the Izu Islands southward to and including Sofu Gan (Lot s Wife)
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